Table of Contents
- What is MLTSSL? (Now Known as MLTSSL)
- What is STSOL?
- MLTSSL vs STSOL: Direct Comparison
- How to Check Your Occupation's Classification
- Recent Changes and Updates for 2025
- Pathways to Permanent Residency
- Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Expert Tips for Maximizing Success
- Conclusion
LTSSL vs STSOL: Complete Guide to Australian Skilled Occupation Lists 2025
When planning your migration journey to Australia, understanding the difference between LTSSL and STSOL is crucial for determining your visa eligibility and permanent residency pathway. This comprehensive guide breaks down everything you need to know about these two essential skilled occupation lists.
What is LTSSL? (Now Known as MLTSSL)
Important Note: LTSSL (Long-Term Skilled Shortage List) is the former name of what is now officially called the MLTSSL (Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List). The name change occurred on April 19, 2017, when the Australian government restructured its skilled occupation lists.
MLTSSL Overview
The Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List currently contains 212 occupations that Australia identifies as having long-term skill shortages. The MLTSSL offers opportunities for permanent skilled visas without sponsorship, making it the most advantageous list for skilled migrants seeking Australian permanent residency.
Key Characteristics of MLTSSL
Permanency Focus: Occupations on the MLTSSL are considered essential to Australia’s long-term economic needs. This designation means that skilled workers in these occupations can access the full range of skilled migration visas, including direct pathways to permanent residency.
Visa Eligibility: If your occupation appears on the MLTSSL, you can apply for:
➥ Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa) – no sponsorship required
➥ Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa) – state/territory nomination
➥ Subclass 491 (Skilled Work Regional Visa) – regional pathway
➥ Subclass 186 (Employer Nomination Scheme)
➥ Subclass 482 (Temporary Skill Shortage Visa) – medium-term stream
➥ Subclass 494 (Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional Visa)
Strategic Importance: The MLTSSL offers better benefits for skilled migrants than other occupation lists. Being on this list signals that your profession is in sustained high demand across Australia.
Who Benefits from MLTSSL?
Professionals whose occupations appear on the MLTSSL enjoy the most flexible and advantageous immigration options. These typically include:
⦿ Healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, allied health specialists)
⦿ Engineering professionals across multiple disciplines
⦿ ICT professionals and software developers
⦿ Education professionals and teachers
⦿ Accounting and finance professionals
⦿ Construction and project managers
What is STSOL? (Short-Term Skilled Occupation List)
The STSOL represents occupations that address Australia’s immediate and short-term skill shortages. STSOL targets immediate skill shortages with limited permanent residency pathways, making it a more restrictive list compared to the MLTSSL.
Key Characteristics of STSOL
Temporary Focus: The STSOL contains 242 occupations that are currently in high demand in Australia, but these are viewed as temporary or short-term skill needs rather than long-term strategic requirements.
Limited Visa Options: If your occupation is only on the STSOL (and not on MLTSSL), your visa options are more restricted:
➥ Subclass 482 (Temporary Skill Shortage Visa) – short-term stream only (2-year visa)
➥ Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa) – only if state/territory nominates
➥ Subclass 491 (Skilled Work Regional Visa) – regional pathway
➥ Subclass 494 (Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional Visa)
No Direct Permanent Residency: The critical limitation of STSOL is that occupations on this list cannot access the Subclass 189 visa, which is the only skilled visa that doesn’t require any form of sponsorship or nomination.
Historical Context
On April 19, 2017, the Skilled Occupation Lists were changed and renamed, with the Consolidated Skilled Occupation List (CSOL) becoming the Short-Term Skilled Occupation List (STSOL). This restructuring was part of broader immigration reforms aimed at better aligning visa programs with Australia’s economic needs.
LTSSL (MLTSSL) vs STSOL: Direct Comparison
Permanent Residency Pathways
MLTSSL Advantage: Occupations on the MLTSSL can access all skilled migration pathways, including the highly coveted Subclass 189 visa. This visa allows skilled workers to live and work anywhere in Australia permanently without requiring employer sponsorship or state nomination.
STSOL Limitation: STSOL occupations must rely on employer sponsorship, state nomination, or regional pathways to eventually achieve permanent residency. There is no independent pathway to permanent residency.
Visa Duration and Flexibility
MLTSSL Benefits:
➮ Access to medium-term stream (up to 4 years) under TSS visa
➮ Direct pathway to permanent employer sponsorship (Subclass 186)
➮ Ability to apply for permanent residency from outside Australia
➮ Greater flexibility in changing employers and locations
STSOL Restrictions:
➮ Limited to short-term stream (2 years) under TSS visa initially
➮ Must work for sponsoring employer for at least 3 years before transitioning to permanent residency
➮ More restrictive conditions on visa renewal and pathway progression
➮ Limited geographical flexibility
Number of Occupations
The MLTSSL is more selective and strategic, containing fewer occupations that reflect long-term economic priorities. The STSOL is broader, addressing immediate labor market needs across a wider range of industries and skill levels.
Occupation Assessment
Both lists require skills assessment from designated assessing authorities. However, the implications differ:
MLTSSL: Once assessed positively, you can pursue multiple visa pathways simultaneously, maximizing your migration opportunities.
STSOL: Your assessment primarily serves employer-sponsored or state-nominated pathways, offering fewer strategic options for visa planning.
How to Check Your Occupation's Classification
Every occupation has a 6-digit ANZSCO code that determines its classification. To find your occupation:
↬ Visit the official Department of Home Affairs website
↬ Search the skilled occupation lists using your job title
↬ Identify your ANZSCO code
↬ Check which list(s) contain your occupation
↬ Verify current eligibility requirements
Critical Consideration: Just because your occupation is on the Skilled Occupation List doesn’t mean it qualifies for every skilled visa. Each job falls under a specific stream—MLTSSL, STSOL, or ROL—and that stream determines which visas you can apply for.
Strategic Migration Planning Based on Your List
If Your Occupation is on MLTSSL
Your migration strategy should prioritize:
1.Points Optimization: Focus on maximizing your points for Subclass 189 if eligible
2. Skills Assessment: Complete your skills assessment early to open all pathway options
3. English Proficiency: Achieve highest possible scores (PTE/IELTS) to increase competitiveness
4. Expression of Interest: Submit EOI strategically, considering state nomination benefits
5. Timeline Planning: Plan for faster pathways to permanent residency
If Your Occupation is Only on STSOL
Your migration strategy requires different approaches:
1. Employer Sponsorship: Actively seek employers willing to sponsor (often essential)
2. State Nomination Research: Identify states with demand for your occupation
3. Regional Opportunities: Consider regional pathways (Subclass 491/494) for better prospects
4. Long-term Planning: Prepare for 3+ year pathway to permanent residency
5. Alternative Skills: Consider upskilling into MLTSSL occupation if feasible
Recent Changes and Updates for 2025
The Australian government regularly reviews and updates skilled occupation lists to reflect evolving economic needs. The Skilled Occupation List 2025 is designed to attract qualified professionals whose skills are needed most in Australia, with newly added occupations including nursing specialists, civil engineers, ICT professionals, and teachers.
Dynamic List Management
The government has moved seven occupations from the MLTSSL to the STSOL, including automotive electrician, painting trades worker and wall and floor tiler, while moving three occupations (post office manager, mechanical engineering draftsperson, and real estate representative) in the opposite direction.
What This Means: Occupation classifications can change based on labor market analysis. It’s essential to:
➤ Monitor official updates regularly
➤ Lock in your visa application before potential downgrades
➤ Consider timing your application strategically
➤ Stay informed through registered migration agents
The Regional Occupation List (ROL)
Beyond MLTSSL and STSOL, Australia maintains a third list—the Regional Occupation List (ROL). ROL provides additional occupations exclusively for regional Australia, offering another pathway for skilled migrants willing to live and work in regional areas.
ROL Characteristics
➤ Contains approximately 77 occupations
➤ Only available for regional visa subclasses (491, 494)
➤ Requires commitment to living in regional Australia
➤ May offer faster processing and lower competition
➤ Pathway to permanent residency through Subclass 191 after regional requirements met
Skills Assessment Requirements
Regardless of which list contains your occupation, you must obtain a positive skills assessment from the designated assessing authority. Each occupation has specific assessing authorities with unique requirements:
Common Assessing Bodies:
◆ Engineers Australia (engineering professions)
◆ CPA Australia, CA ANZ, IPA (accounting professions)
◆ Australian Computer Society (ICT professions)
◆ AHPRA (health professions)
◆ AITSL (teaching professions)
◆ VETASSESS (various other occupations)
Assessment Considerations:
◆ Processing times vary (6-12 weeks typically)
◆ Costs range from AUD 500-1,500+
◆ Documentation requirements are extensive
◆ Qualifications must match Australian standards
◆ Work experience must be verified and relevant
English Language Requirements
Both MLTSSL and STSOL applicants must demonstrate English proficiency. However, requirements vary by visa subclass:
Subclass 189 (MLTSSL only):
◆ Minimum: Competent English (IELTS 6.0 each band)
◆ Competitive: Proficient English (IELTS 7.0 each band)
◆ Optimal: Superior English (IELTS 8.0 each band)
Subclass 190/491:
◆ Minimum: Competent English usually sufficient
◆ Higher scores increase competitiveness for state nomination
Employer-Sponsored Visas (Both lists):
◆ Generally Competent English (IELTS 5.0-6.0)
◆ Specific requirements depend on occupation and visa stream
Points Test Implications
Understanding how your occupation list affects points calculation is crucial:
MLTSSL Benefits:
◆ Access to full points table for Subclass 189
◆ Typically requires 65+ points (competitive scores 85-90+)
◆ Points for age, English, work experience, education, and other factors
STSOL Considerations:
◆ STSOL occupations relying on state nomination still use points test
◆ Minimum 65 points usually required
◆ State nomination adds 5 points (190) or 15 points (491)
◆ Competition varies significantly by state and occupation
Pathways to Permanent Residency
MLTSSL Direct Pathway
➧ Obtain positive skills assessment
➧ Achieve competent English (minimum)
➧ Score 65+ points
➧ Submit Expression of Interest (EOI)
➧ Receive invitation to apply
➧ Lodge visa application (189/190/491)
➧ Receive grant – permanent residency
Timeline: 6-18 months typically
STSOL Indirect Pathway
➧ Secure employer sponsorship OR state nomination
➧ Obtain positive skills assessment
➧ Apply for temporary visa (482/494)
➧ Work for sponsor/in region for 2-3 years
➧ Apply for transition to permanent residency
➧ Meet all ongoing requirements
➧ Receive permanent residency grant
Timeline: 3-5 years typically
State and Territory Nomination Considerations
Each Australian state and territory maintains its own priority occupation lists, drawing from both MLTSSL and STSOL. State nomination can significantly improve your migration prospects, particularly for STSOL occupations.
State-Specific Factors:
➾ Each state has unique industry priorities
➾ Nomination criteria vary considerably
➾ Some states require job offers or registration
➾ Regional areas often have expanded opportunities
➾ Points bonuses and faster processing available
Strategic Approach:
➾ Research multiple states’ requirements
➾ Consider living preferences and job market
➾ Understand commitment requirements
➾ Calculate points with state nomination bonus
➾ Apply to multiple states if eligible
Cost Comparison: MLTSSL vs STSOL Pathways
Understanding financial implications helps with migration planning:
MLTSSL (Subclass 189) Approximate Costs:
➾ Skills assessment: AUD 500-1,500
➾ English language test: AUD 350-400
➾ Visa application fee: AUD 4,770 (main applicant)
➾ Medical examinations: AUD 300-500
➾ Police certificates: AUD 50-200
➾ Migration agent (optional): AUD 3,000-8,000
Total: AUD 8,000-15,000+
STSOL (Employer-Sponsored) Approximate Costs:
➾ Skills assessment: AUD 500-1,500
➾ English language test: AUD 350-400
➾ Initial TSS visa: AUD 1,330-2,770
➾ Employer nomination fee: AUD 540
➾ Training levy: AUD 1,800-5,400 (employer pays)
➾ Transition to permanent visa: AUD 4,045
➾ Medical and police: AUD 350-700
➾ Migration agent (often essential): AUD 5,000-12,000
Total: AUD 12,000-25,000+
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Mistake 1: Assuming List Presence Guarantees Visa Being on MLTSSL or STSOL is just the first step. You must still meet all skills, points, English, and health requirements.
Mistake 2: Ignoring State-Specific Opportunities STSOL occupations often have strong state demand. Research state occupation lists thoroughly.
Mistake 3: Delaying Skills Assessment Skills assessments take time and are required before applying. Start early to avoid delays.
Mistake 4: Overlooking Regional Pathways Regional visas offer additional occupation options and potentially faster processing.
Mistake 5: Not Monitoring List Changes Occupations can move between lists or be removed. Stay updated on official announcements.
Mistake 6: Choosing Wrong Assessing Authority Each occupation has designated assessors. Using the wrong one results in invalid assessments.
Expert Tips for Maximizing Success
For MLTSSL Applicants
❖ Maximize Points Early: Focus on achieving highest English scores and completing further education
❖ Strategic Timing: Submit EOI when points are optimized
❖ Multi-Pathway Approach: Consider both independent and state-nominated options simultaneously
❖ Documentation Excellence: Prepare comprehensive, well-organized documentation
❖ Professional Guidance: Engage registered migration agents for complex cases
For STSOL Applicants
❖ Employer Networking: Build relationships with Australian employers in your field
❖ State Priority Research: Identify states with high demand for your occupation
❖ Regional Consideration: Be open to regional opportunities for faster pathways
❖ Long-term Planning: Prepare for extended timeline to permanent residency
❖ Alternative Pathways: Explore study options that lead to MLTSSL occupations
Future Outlook and Trends
Australia’s skilled occupation lists evolve continuously based on economic analysis and labor market needs. Understanding trends helps with strategic planning:
Emerging Priorities:
↬ Healthcare and aged care specialists (aging population)
↬ Technology and cybersecurity professionals (digital economy)
↬ Renewable energy and sustainability experts (climate commitments)
↬ Education professionals (skills development focus)
↬ Construction and infrastructure specialists (nation-building projects)
Declining Priorities:
↬ Administrative and clerical occupations (automation impact)
↬ Certain trades (local workforce supply improving)
↬ Retail and hospitality management (post-pandemic adjustment)
Making the Right Decision: MLTSSL vs STSOL
Your migration success depends significantly on which list contains your occupation. Here’s how to approach your decision:
If You Have Choice:
↬ Prioritize MLTSSL occupations through upskilling or credentials recognition
↬ Consider career pivots that align with MLTSSL opportunities
↬ Invest in qualifications that lead to MLTSSL classification
If Limited to STSOL:
↬ Accept longer timeline to permanent residency
↬ Focus on employer sponsorship strategies
↬ Research state nomination opportunities extensively
↬ Consider regional pathways seriously
↬ Maintain flexibility in location preferences
If Neither List Includes Your Occupation:
↬ Explore related occupations that appear on lists
↬ Consider further education in high-demand fields
↬ Research alternative visa pathways (investment, business, family)
↬ Consult registered migration agent for personalized assessment
Conclusion
The distinction between LTSSL (now MLTSSL) and STSOL fundamentally shapes your Australian migration journey. MLTSSL occupations offer superior pathways with direct access to permanent residency, while STSOL occupations require strategic planning and longer timelines through sponsored pathways.
Success in Australian skilled migration requires:
➜ Accurate occupation classification understanding
➜ Comprehensive pathway knowledge
➜ Strategic points optimization
➜ Professional documentation preparation
➜ Ongoing monitoring of policy changes
➜ Realistic timeline expectations
➜ Financial planning and preparation
Whether your occupation appears on MLTSSL or STSOL, opportunities exist for skilled migrants who approach the process systematically and professionally. The key is understanding your position, optimizing your strengths, and pursuing the most appropriate pathway with patience and persistence.
By thoroughly understanding these occupation lists and their implications, you position yourself for successful migration to Australia. Stay informed, prepare meticulously, and seek professional guidance when needed to navigate this complex but rewarding journey.
Frequently Asked Questions
➠ Can an occupation move from STSOL to MLTSSL?
Yes, occupations can move between lists based on government reviews of labor market needs. Monitor official announcements for changes.
➠ What happens if my occupation is removed from the list after I apply? Generally, applications in progress are assessed under rules existing at lodgment time, but this varies by circumstance.
➠ Can I apply for multiple visas simultaneously?
Yes, MLTSSL applicants can submit EOIs for multiple visa subclasses and respond to invitations strategically.
➠ How often are the lists updated?
Reviews occur regularly, with major updates typically announced annually, though changes can occur throughout the year.
➠ Do I need a job offer for MLTSSL occupations?
Not for Subclass 189 (independent visa). Job offers help with other pathways but aren’t mandatory for MLTSSL’s primary benefit.
➠ Is it worth pursuing STSOL occupation migration?
Yes, especially if you can secure employer sponsorship or state nomination. The pathway takes longer but remains viable.
➠ Can I switch occupations after entering Australia?
For temporary visas, switching occupations may affect your visa conditions. Permanent residents have full work flexibility once granted.
This guide provides general information about Australian skilled occupation lists. Migration law is complex and changes regularly. Always verify information through official Department of Home Affairs sources and consider consulting a registered migration agent for personalized advice.
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